Hyaloclastite

Lignite

Hyaloclastite and Lignite

Hyaloclastite

Lignite

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Hyaloclastite is an aggregate of fine, glassy debris formed by the sudden contact of hot, coherent magma and cold water or water-saturated sediment

Lignite is a soft brownish coal which shows traces of plants and is intermediate between bituminous coal and peat

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

Unknown

France

1.2.2 Discoverer

Unknown

1.3 Etymology

From hyalo +‎ -ite

From French, Latin lignum wood + -ite1

1.4 Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

0.1 Family

1.0.1 Group

Volcanic

Not Applicable

1.2 Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Pyroclastic

Amorphous, Glassy

2.2 Color

Brown, Grey, Yellow

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.5 Durability

Durable

2.6.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

2.6.3 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

2.8.1 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

3.1.1 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

3.2.1 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

3.4 Appearance

Dull

Veined or Pebbled

4 Uses

4.1 Architecture

4.1.1 Interior Uses

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Not Yet Used

4.1.3 Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Not Yet Used

4.1.4 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Not Yet Used

4.2 Industry

4.2.1 Construction Industry

Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate

for Road Aggregate, Steel Production

4.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

4.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture

Not Yet Used

4.4 Other Uses

4.4.1 Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Electricity Generation

5 Types

5.1 Types

Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff and Andesitic tuff.

Xyloid Lignite or Fossil Wood and Compact Lignite or Perfect Lignite

5.2 Features

Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust

Generally rough to touch, Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel

5.3 Archaeological Significance

5.3.1 Monuments

Used

Not Yet Used

5.3.2 Famous Monuments

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

5.3.4 Sculpture

Used

Not Yet Used

5.3.5 Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

5.3.6 Pictographs

Used

5.3.8 Petroglyphs

Used

5.3.9 Figurines

Used

Not Yet Used

5.5 Fossils

Absent

Present

6 Formation

6.1 Formation

Hyaloclastite is a type of Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of lava or magma.

Coal formation takes place due to accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. The Coal formation process continues, as peat turns into lignite brown or black coal at increasing heat and pressure.

7.2 Composition

7.2.1 Mineral Content

Calcite, Chlorite

Not Available

7.2.3 Compound Content

Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur

7.3 Transformation

7.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

7.4.2 Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism

Not Applicable

7.4.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

7.5.1 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

7.6.1 Erosion

✔ ✘

8.1.1 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

9 Properties

9.1 Physical Properties

9.1.0 Hardness

1-21

1 7

11.1.2 Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

11.1.3 Fracture

Not Available

Conchoidal

11.1.4 Streak

Colorless

Black

11.1.5 Porosity

Highly Porous

11.1.6 Luster

Dull and Grainy

Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic

11.1.7 Compressive Strength

NANA

0.15 450

11.1.14 Cleavage

Not Available

Non-Existent

11.1.15 Toughness

Not Available

11.1.16 Specific Gravity

Not Available1.1-1.4

0 8.4

11.1.17 Transparency

Opaque

11.1.18 Density

Not Available800-801 g/cm³

0 1400

11.2 Thermal Properties

11.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity

NA1.26 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

11.2.4 Resistance

Heat Resistant

12 Reserves

12.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

12.1.1 Asia

Russia

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

12.1.2 Africa

South Africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

12.1.3 Europe

Iceland

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom

12.1.4 Others

Not Yet Found

12.2 Deposits in Western Continents

12.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

Canada, Mexico, USA

12.2.2 South America

Brazil, Colombia

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

12.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

12.3.1 Australia

Not Yet Found

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

All about Hyaloclastite and Lignite Properties

Know all about Hyaloclastite and Lignite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Hyaloclastite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Lignite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Hyaloclastite is Pyroclastic whereas that of Lignite is Amorphous, Glassy. Hyaloclastite appears Dull and Lignite appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Hyaloclastite is dull and grainy while that of Lignite is dull to vitreous to submetallic. Hyaloclastite is available in brown, grey, yellow colors whereas Lignite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Hyaloclastite are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Lignite are electricity generation.